Rhuthmos

Henry G. Liddell & Robert Scott — 2016-12-09T06:30:00Z

H. G. Liddell & R. Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, rev. and aug. by Sir H. S. Jones. with the ass. of R. McKenzie, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1940.

ῥυθμός , Ion. ῥυσμός (v. infr. 111, IV), ὁ : (ῥέω) :—

A. any regular recurring motion (“πᾶς ῥ. ὡρισμένῃ μετρεῖται κινήσει” Arist.P^r.882b2) :

I. measured motion, time, whether in sound or motion, Democr.15c ; = ἡ τῆς κινήσεως τάξις, Pl.Lg.665a, cf. 672^e ; “ὁ ῥ. ἐκ τοῦ ταχέος καὶ βραδέος, ἐκ διενηνεγμένων πρότερον, ὕστερον δὲ ὁμολογησάντων γέγονε” Id.Smp.187b, cf. Suid. s.v. ; rhythm, opp. μέτρον and ἁρμονία, Ar. Nu.638 sq., Pl.R.397b, 398d, 601a, Arist.Rh.1403b31 ; “λόγοι μετὰ μουσικῆς καὶ ῥυθμῶν πεποιημένοι” Isoc.15.46 ; of Prose rhythm, Arist.Rh.1408b29, D.H.Comp.17 : defined by Aristox.Rhyth.1, Aristid.Quint.1.13.

2. special phrases : ἐν ῥυθμῷ in time, of dancing, marching, etc., “βαίνειν ἐν ῥ.” Pl.Lg.670b, cf. X.An.5.4.14 ; “ὀρχεῖσθαι” Id.Cyr.1.3.10 ; ἐν τῷ ῥ. ἀναπνεῖν respire regularly, Arist.P^r.882b1 ; so “σωζόμενος ῥ.” A.Ch.797 (lyr.) ; “μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ βαίνοντες” Th.5.70 ; ῥυθμὸν χορείας ὑπάγειν keep time, Ar.Th.956 (lyr.) ; θάττονα ῥυθμὸν ἐπάγειν play in quicker time, X.Smp.2.22 ; “πυρριχίῳ δρόμῳ καὶ ῥυθμῷ” Hdn.4.2.9, cf. Plb.4.20.6 : pl., paces, Alcid.Soph. 17.

II. measure, proportion or symmetry of parts, at rest as well as in motion, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥ. Pl.Lg.728^e.

III. generally, proportion, arrangement, order, “ῥυθμῷ τινι” E.Cyc.398 (codd., but θ᾽ ἑνὶ is prob.) ; οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω not without reason, Call. Epigr.44.5.

IV. state or condition of anything, temper, disposition, Thgn.964 (coupled with ὀργή and τρόπος）“ ; οἷος ῥυσμὸς ἀνθρώπους ἔχει” Archil.66.7 ; “ὅσοι χθονίους ἔχουσι ῥυσμοὺς καὶ χαλεπούς” Anacr. 74 ; μένει . . χρῆμ᾽ οὐδὲν ἐν ταὐτῷ ῥ. Eup.356.

V. form, shape of a thing, Democr.5i ; identified by Arist. with σχῆμα, Metaph.985b16, 1042b14 ; μετέβαλον τὸν ῥ. τῶν γραμμάτων changed the form or shape of the letters, Hdt.5.58 ; of Chian boots, Hp.Art.62 ; of the shape of a cup, Alex.59 ; of a breastplate, X.Mem.3.10.10 ; [τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου] LXX 4 Ki.16.10 ; “Αὐτονόας ῥ. ωὑτός” Theoc.26.23 ; so of the natural features of a country, D.P.271,620 ; structure of a substance, κεγχροειδὲς τῷ ῥ., τῷ ῥ. σπογγῶδες, Dsc.5.77,118.

VI. manner, fashion of a thing, “Ἕλλην ῥ. πέπλων” E.Heracl.130 ; τίνι ῥ. φόνου ; by what kind of slaughter ? Id.El.772, cf. Supp.94 ; ἐν τριγώνοις ῥυθμοῖς triangular-wise, A.Fr.78. [υ ^ by nature, A.Ch.797 (lyr.), E.Supp.94, etc. ; υ _ by position in Thgn.964, etc.]

REFERENCES :

Aeschylus, Libation Bearers, 797
Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae, 956
Euripides, Cyclops, 398
Euripides, Electra, 772
Euripides, Heraclidae, 130
Euripides, Suppliants, 94
Herodotus, Histories, 5.58
Isocrates, Antidosis, 46
Old Testament, 2 Kings, 16.10
Plato, Laws, 665a
Plato, Laws, 672^e
Plato, Laws, 728^e
Plato, Laws, 670b
Plato, Republic, 397b
Plato, Republic, 398d
Plato, Republic, 601a
Plato, Symposium, 187b
Thucydides, Histories, 5.70
Xenophon, Anabasis, 5.4.14
Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.3.10
Xenophon, Memorabilia, 3.10.10
Xenophon, Symposium, 2.22
Polybius, Histories, 4.20.6
Aristophanes, Clouds, 638
Hippocrates, De articulis, 62
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, De Compositione Verborum, 17

Note [PM] : Dans son article de 1951 sur « La notion de 'rythme' dans son expression linguistique », Benveniste fait remarquer : « Le Dictionnaire de Liddell-Scott-Jones, s. v. ῥυθμός, fournit la plupart des références qui ont été utilisées. Mais les différentes acceptions de ῥυθμός y sont rangées à peu près au hasard, en procédant du sens de 'rythme', et sans qu'on discerne le principe du classement. » (Benveniste, 1966, p. 328)